Seeking asylum means asking Finland for international protection because you cannot safely return to your home country. The process is run by Migri and follows defined steps UlkL 87–88 §. This guide explains, in plain language, how it works from application to decision, and what to do if the answer is negative. Because the stakes are high, get support from public legal aid (oikeusapu) or an NGO early.
1. What asylum and international protection mean
International protection covers asylum (refugee status) and subsidiary protection, for people who face persecution or serious harm at home UlkL 87–88 §. You do not need to use the exact legal words when you apply — you need to explain your situation truthfully and fully.
2. How to apply
You make an asylum application in person to the border authorities or the police, as soon as you arrive in Finland or as soon as your need for protection arises. You are registered, and your application is passed to Migri, which handles the substance.
3. The asylum interview — your chance to explain
The interview is the most important part of the process. Migri asks about who you are and why you need protection. Explain your reasons clearly and consistently, and bring any evidence you have. You can use an interpreter. Because how you present your case matters so much, advice before the interview is valuable — contact legal aid or an NGO early.
4. Your rights and support while you wait
While your application is processed you are generally entitled to reception services — accommodation and basic support — and, in defined situations, the right to work after a set period. The details depend on your case and can change, so confirm what applies to you.
5. The decision
Migri issues a written decision. It may grant asylum, grant subsidiary protection, grant a residence permit on other grounds, or refuse. Read it carefully, including the reasoning and the valitusosoitus appeal instructions.
6. If the decision is negative — appeal
A negative decision can usually be appealed to the Administrative Court within 30 days UlkL 190 §. In asylum cases an appeal often suspends removal while it is decided UlkL 201 § — but this is case-specific, so confirm it with your legal adviser immediately. Get help with the appeal quickly; the deadline is short and the decision is life-changing.